{"id":3067,"date":"2017-03-17T14:21:51","date_gmt":"2017-03-17T13:21:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chateausuau.com\/?p=3067"},"modified":"2020-01-28T10:30:33","modified_gmt":"2020-01-28T09:30:33","slug":"monastere-vin-moyen-age","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chateausuau.com\/fr\/monastere-vin-moyen-age\/","title":{"rendered":"Monast\u00e8re, vin et Moyen-\u00c2ge"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Monast\u00e8re\"<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019on associe facilement la bi\u00e8re aux moines, notamment trappistes, la relation n\u2019est pas aussi explicite avec le vin. Bien \u00e9videmment chacun sait que le vin est plut\u00f4t utile lors d\u2019une messe<\/strong>, associ\u00e9 au sang du Christ (ce dernier ayant r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 changer de l\u2019eau en vin, nous nous devons de vous le rappeler), mais le lien qui lie le clerg\u00e9 et la vigne<\/strong> est en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 tr\u00e8s ancien. Il faut dire que, de tous temps, le vin \u00e9t\u00e9 une boisson religieuse<\/strong>. Dans la Gr\u00e8ce antique, le vin \u00e9tait sacr\u00e9, un dieu \u00e0 son honneur fut glorifi\u00e9 : il s\u2019appelait\u00a0Bacchus<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eglise et vin, une histoire commune<\/h2>\n

Posons les bases tout de suite. Si le vin a \u00e9t\u00e9 approch\u00e9 par l\u2019Eglise, c\u2019est avant tout car ces hommes de dieu en avaient besoin pour la communion : le fameux vin de messe<\/strong>. Au passage, il faut noter que ce dernier \u00e9tait souvent blanc car, contrairement au rouge, ses t\u00e2ches sur la lingerie blanche du clerg\u00e9 \u00e9taient moins remarquables, et plus facilement lessivables. Pratique.<\/p>\n

Historiquement, ce sont les romains qui apport\u00e8rent la vigne dans la Gaule occup\u00e9e. On trouve les premi\u00e8res traces de culture de la vigne en France \u00e0 Gaillac<\/strong>, dans le Tarn. Ce n\u2019est qu\u2019au Moyen-\u00c2ge<\/strong> que, la religion chr\u00e9tienne \u00e9tant en plein essor, les moines firent l\u2019acquisition de terres pour y planter de la vigne. Elles furent d\u2019ailleurs largement situ\u00e9es aux abords des abbayes<\/strong> et autres lieux de r\u00e9sidence du clerg\u00e9. Le vin, outre l\u2019importance qu\u2019il occupe lors de la messe est aussi une pr\u00e9cieuse source de revenu pour l\u2019Eglise, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n

Mais, au fil du temps, les religieux se prirent au jeu et d\u00e9velopp\u00e8rent de r\u00e9elles comp\u00e9tences<\/strong> ainsi qu\u2019un savoir-faire pr\u00e9cieux : dans la s\u00e9lection des c\u00e9pages, la conservation du vin par exemple. Le vin \u00e9tait souvent tr\u00e8s acide \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque comme en t\u00e9moigne cette citation \u00ab Pour le boire, il faut \u00eatre quatre et un mur, un qui verse, un qui boit, deux qui tiennent le buveur et le mur pour l’emp\u00eacher de reculer \u00bb.\u00a0 C\u2019est dire si des am\u00e9liorations ont pu \u00eatre apport\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Ce sont d\u2019ailleurs les moines qui, au XIV\u00e8me si\u00e8cle apport\u00e8rent la notion de terroir, grande composante d\u2019un vin encore aujourd\u2019hui. Ils sont \u00e0 l\u2019origine de plusieurs avanc\u00e9es viticoles, comme le perfectionnement du pressoir, l\u2019\u00e9dification de murets pour prot\u00e9ger la vigne des assauts du b\u00e9tail. Malins !<\/p>\n

Cet h\u00e9ritage se sent encore par le nom de certains domaines<\/strong>, m\u00eame parfois des villages renomm\u00e9s pour la qualit\u00e9 de leurs vins. C\u2019est le cas par exemple de Saint-Emilion<\/strong>. Ce village a pris le nom d\u2019un moine breton en exil en Gironde, au VIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Il fut en effet oblig\u00e9 de s\u2019exiler suite \u00e0 un trop grand nombre de miracles r\u00e9alis\u00e9s ! Les p\u00e8lerins affluant en trop grand nombre \u00e0 sa porte, il trouva refuge dans le village qui porte aujourd\u2019hui encore son nom. Les grands vignobles actuels de l\u2019appellation sont tous des anciennes terres du monast\u00e8r<\/strong>e.<\/p>\n

L\u2019essor de la culture de la vigne en France est donc largement redevable du clerg\u00e9, qui fut pendant longtemps le moteur du progr\u00e8s agricole. Toutes les r\u00e9gions viticoles de France furent concern\u00e9es par ces avanc\u00e9es. On trouve facilement des r\u00e9cits en Bourgogne, dans le Jura, l\u2019Alsace \u00e9voquant ces ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes lointains. Une histoire riche, c\u2019est aussi \u00e7a qui fait la magie du vin !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si l\u2019on associe facilement la bi\u00e8re aux moines, notamment trappistes, la relation n\u2019est pas aussi explicite avec le vin. Bien \u00e9videmment chacun sait que le vin est plut\u00f4t utile lors d\u2019une messe, associ\u00e9 au sang du Christ (ce dernier ayant r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 changer de l\u2019eau en vin, nous nous devons de vous le rappeler), mais […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":3069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[113,462],"class_list":["post-3067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-encyclopedie-du-vin","tag-oenologie","tag-tourisme"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMonast\u00e8re, vin et moyen-\u00e2ge : un lien fort et des anecdotes surprenantes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le vin a longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 proche du clerg\u00e9 au Moyen-\u00c2ge. D\u00e9couvrez-en plus sur cette histoire passionnante. 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